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Soviet Espionage & Secret Police

Bibliography

Theory

Bittner, Egon. The Functions of the Police in Modern Society (New York: Aronson, 1975).

Cobb, Richard. Police and People:

Enloe, Cynthia. Ethnic Soldiers: State Security in Divided Societies (Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1980).

Jenkins, Philip. "Policing the Cold War: The Emergence of New Police Structures in Europe, 1946-1953," Historical Journal 1988, Volume 31, Number 1: 141-157.

Mapstone, Richard. Policing in a Divided Society (Aldershot: Avebury Publishing Ltd, 1994).

General Histories

Aldrich, Richard J., ed. British Intelligence, Strategy, and the Cold War, 1945-51 (New York: Routledge, 1992).

Andrew, Christopher and Oleg Gordievsky, KGB: The Inside Story of Its Foreign Operations from Lenin to Gorbachev (New York: HarperCollines Publishers, 1990).

Andrew, Christopher M. and Vasilii Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB (New York: Basic Books, 1999).

Chebrikov, V. M., et. al., eds. Istoriia sovetskikh organov gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti. Uchebnik [History of Soviet organs of state security. A text] (Moscow: KGB, 1977).

Deacon, Richard. A History of the Russian Secret Service (London: Frederick Muller Ltd., 1972).

Dorril, Stephen. MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty’s Secret Intelligence Service (2000).

Dziak, John J. Chekisty: A History of the KGB (Lexington: Lexington Books/ D. C. Heath & CO., 1988).

Fuller, William. The Internal Troops of the MVD (College Station, Texas: Texas A & M Center for Strategic Technology, 1983).

Galeotti, Mark. "Cops, Spies and Private Eyes: Changing Patterns of Russian Policing: A Review Article," Europe-Asia Studies [Great Britain] 1997 49 (1): 141-149.

Hingley, Ronald. The Russian Secret Police: Muscovite, Imperial, and Soviet Political Security Operations (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1970).

Knight, Amy. The KGB (Winchester, MA: Allen & Unwin, 1988).

Korovin, V. V. Istoriia otechestvennykh organov bezopastnosti. Uchebnoe posobie [Historyof the [Soviet] national security organs. Text.] (Moscow: Norma-Infa-M, 1998).

Levytsky, Boris. The Uses of Terror:The Soviet Secret Police, 1917-1970 (New York, 1972).

Mlechin, Leonid. Predsedateli KGB: rassekrechenye sud’by [Presidents of the KGB: declassified fates] (Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, 1999).

Nekrasov, V. F., et. al. Organy i voiska MVD Rossii. Kratkii istoricheskii ocherk [Organs and troops of the Russian M[inistry] of I[nternal] A[ffairs]. A short historical outline] (Moscow: MVD Rossii, 1996).

Ocherki istorii Rossiiskoi vneshnoi razvedki [Outlines of the History of Russian Foreign Intelligence]. In six volumes. Volume 3: 1933-1941 (Moscow: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia, 1997); Volume 4: 1941-1945 (Moscow: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia, 1999).

Politsiia i militsiia Rossii: stranitsy istorii [Police and militia of Russia: pages from history] (Moscow: Nauka, 1995).

Shelley, Louise I. Policing Soviet Society: The Evolution of State Control (Routledge, 1996).

Shelley, Louise I. "The Sources of Soviet Policing," Police Studies: The International Review of Police Volume 17, Number 2 (Summer 1994).

de Villemarest, Pierre. G.R.U.--Le plus secret des services soviétiques, 1918-1988 (Paris: Editions Stock, 1988).

West, Nigel. MI6: British Secret Intelligence Service Operations, 1909-1945 (New York: Random House, 1983).

Wolin, Simon, and Robert M. Slusser, eds. The Soviet Secret Police (New York: Praeger, 1957).

Reference

The Dictionary of Espionage (London, 1985).

Kokurin, A., N. V. Petrov and R. G. Pikhoia, eds. Lubianka: VChK-OGPU-NKVD-NKGB-MGB-MVD-KGB: 1917-1960: spravochnik (Moscow: 1997).

Leonard, Raymond W. "Studying the Kremlin's Secret Soldiers: A Historiographical Essay on the GRU, 1918-1945," The Journal of Military History, Volume 56, Issue 3 (July 1992): 403-422.

Parrish, Michael. Soviet Security and Intelligence Organizations, 1917-1990: A Biographical Dictionary and Review of Literature in English (Greenwood, 1992).

Rocca, Raymond and John Dziak, Bibliography on Soviet Intelligence and Security Services (Westview, 1984).

Crowd Psychology

Barrows, Susanna. Distorting Mirrors: Visions of the Crowd in Late Nineteenth-Century France (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981).

LeBon, Gustav. The Crowd (1896), available in a full on-line edition.

LeBon, Gustav. The Psychology of Revolution (1913), available in a full on-line edition.

Nye, Robert A. The Origins of Crowd Psychology (London: Sage Publications, 1975).

The Tsarist Era

Alekseev, Mikhail. Voennaia razvedka ot Riurika do Nikolaia II [Military Intelligence from Riurik to Nikolai II] Two volumes. (Moscow: “Russkaia razvedka,” 1998).

James von Geldern and Richard Stites eds., Mass Culture in Soviet Russia: Tales, Poems, Songs, Movies, Plays and Folklore, 1917-1953 (Bloomington IN, 1995): 153-56, 459-70.

Daly, Jonathan. Autocracy Under Siege: Security Police and Opposition in Russia, 1866-1905 (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1998).

Fischer, Ben B. Okhrana: The Paris Operations of the Russian Imperial Police (Washington: CIA, History Staff Center the Study of Intelligence, 1997)

Friedgut, Theodore H. "Labor Violence and Regime Brutality in Tsarist Russia: The Iuzovka Cholera Riots of 1892," Slavic Review 46, No. 2 (Summer 1987): 245-265.

Geifman, Anna. Entangled in Terror: The Azef Affair and the Russian Revolution (Wilmington, 2000).

Haimson, Leopold. "The Problem of Social Stability in Urban Russia, 1905-1914," in Wayne Vucinich, ed., The Peasant in Nineteenth Century Russia (Stanford, 1968).

Johnson, Richard J. "Zagranichnaia Agentura: The Tsarist Political Police in Europe," Contemporary History Volume 7 (January - April 1972).

Koznov, A. P. METAMORFOZY POLITICHESKOGO DETEKTIVA (KOMU SLUZHIL L. P. MEN'SHCHIKOV) [The metamorphoses of a political detective: whom did L. P. Men'shchikov serve?]. Kentavr [Russia] 1993 (4): 115-128. L. P. Men'shchikov served in the imperial secret police force during the prerevolutionary period, but he eventually turned against the tsar. Men'shchikov became active in revolutionary circles in the early part of the 20th century, writing several political tracts of note. Due to his previous activities, he had difficulty gaining the trust of revolutionary leaders. Men'shchikov worked within the Soviet system after the 1917 revolution, and continued his writing until his death in 1933.

Lavrov, V.M.. Mariia Spiridonova: Terroristka i Zhertva Terrora: Povestvovanie v Dokumentakh [Mariia Spiridonova: Terrorist and victim of terror: Narrative with documents] (Moscow: Progress-Akademiia, 1995). Mariia Spiridonova, one of the most extraordinary Russian women, was a leader of the Socialist Revolutionary party, one of the leaders of the 1917 October revolution. She participated in many terrorist actions in the period 1905-1907, and later became a victim of the Bolsheviks' terror. The dramatic life of this revolutionary idealist is shown through this collection of her letters and memoirs about her. The author also uses newly released KGB documents, including Lenin's letters. The book is also on the history of terrorism and revolutionary violence, including activities of ChK-GPU-NKVD.

Lieven, D. C. B. "The Security Police, Civil Rights, and the Fate of the Russian Empire, 1855-1917," in Olga Crisp and Linda Edmondson, eds. Civil Rights in Imperial Russia (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989).

Martland, Peter. THE OKHRANA: GUARDIANS OF RECORDED CULTURE. Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1991 6(3): 627-628. In 1911, the Gramophone Company, British-owned with holdings in Russia, cooperated with the Russian secret police, the Okhrana, to catch Russians who were making and marketing cheap pirate copies of Gramophone phonograph recordings. With the Bolshevik Revolution, these same pirates in 1918 were allotted the Gramophone Company's assets in Russia, which became the Soviet record company Melodiia.

Neuberger, Joan. Hooliganism: Crime, Culture, and Power in St. Petersburg, 1900-1914 (Berkeley, 1993).

Nicolaevsky, Boris Aseff the Spy, Russian Terrorist and Police Stool (Hattiesburg, 1969).

Ostrovskii, Aleksandr. Kto stoial za spinoi Stalina? Tainy revoliutsionnogo podpol'ia [Who Was Standing Behind Stalin? Secrets of the Revolutionary Underground.] (Moscow: OLMA Press, 2002). This is the first book based on access to Joseph Stalin's Tsarist secret police files. The work provides extraordinary insights into Stalin's private life during the pre-revolutionary era.

Rubenstein, Richard. Comrade Valentine (New York, 1994).

Ruud, Charles and Stepanov, Sergei. Fontanka 16: The Tsars' Secret Police (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999).

Schneiderman, Jeremiah. Sergei Zubatov and Revolutionary Marxism: The Struggle for the Working Class in Tsarist Russia (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1976).

Smith, Edward Ellis, with Rudolf Lednicky, "The Okhrana": The Russian Department of Police, Bibliography (Stanford: Hoover Institution, 1967).

Zuckerman, Frederic S. The Tsarist Secret Police in Russian Society, 1880-1917 (New York: NYU Press, 1996).

Zuckerman, Frederic S. "Vladimir Burtsev and the Tsarist Political Police," Journal of Contemporary History Volume 12 (January 1977).

Revolution, Civil War & NEP

Barros, Andrew. A WINDOW ON THE "TRUST": THE CASE OF ADO BIRK. Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1995 10(2): 273-293. The curious and complex case of Ado Birk, Estonian minister in Moscow, and his manipulation by the Soviet secret police in 1926-27 throws considerable light on the activities of the Trust, one of the front groups established by the Extraordinary Committee (Cheka) to penetrate and manipulate opposition groups and foreign representatives. Birk's escape from secret police custody was a costly diplomatic incident for the Soviets and damaged Soviet-Estonian relations, but the Trust had succeeded in spotlighting differences and jealousies between the Estonian Foreign Ministry and the General Staff and demonstrating that the Soviet Union was firmly in control of its own internal affairs. Western intelligence organizations and Russian émigré groups laid themselves open to manipulation and disinformation through their own incompetence and factionalism.

Berelovich, A. and Danilov, V., eds. Sovetskaia derevnia glazami VChK-OGPU-NKVD. Dokumenty i Materialy [The Soviet Countryside Through the Eyes of the VChK-OGPU-NKVD], in four volumes. Volume 1. 1918-1922 (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 1998), Volume 2. 1923-1929 (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2000).

Bortnevskii, Viktor. White Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence during the Russian Civil War No. 1108 in The Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies (University of Pittsburgh, 1995).

Brook-Shepherd, Gordon. Iron Maze: The Western Secret Services and the Bolsheviks (London: Macmillan, 1998).

Cook, Andrew. On His Majesty's Secret Service - Sidney Reilly Codename ST1 (London" Tempus, 2002).

Dorril, Stephen. MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty’s Secret Intelligence Service (New York: Free Press, 2000).

Dzerzhinsky: A Biography

Fogelsong, David. America's Secret War Against Bolshevism: U.S. Intervention in the Russian Civil War, 1917-1920 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995).

Genis, Vladimir Leonidovich RASKAZACHIVANIE V SOVETSKOI ROSSII [The elimination of the Cossacks as a significant force in Soviet Russia]. Voprosy Istorii [Russia] 1994 (1): 42-55. Describes the attempts to rid Soviet Russia of the Cossack problem in the River Don area in 1919 and 1920. The Don Cossacks thought that the newly installed Soviet government would confiscate land only from rich landowners and from 1918 resisted government attempts to nationalize and confiscate Cossack land. From January 1919 the Soviet government used army and police units to mount raids against the Don Cossacks to force them to submit to Soviet rule. The Cossacks resisted further and planned an armed uprising. In April Lenin ordered Russian peasant farmers to be settled on Cossack lands. The Cossacks massacred the peasants. The Cossacks were finally expelled from their lands in 1920 and were left homeless and landless.

Graziosi A., “The government and the peasants in the Soviet Republics as seen through the reports of the political police, 1918-1922,” Riv Storica Ital (1998) Volume110, Number 2: 463-528

Holquist, Peter. "Anti-Soviet Svodki from the Civil War: Surveillance as a Shared Feature of Russian Political Culture," Russian Review 56, no. 3 (July 1997): 445-450.

Holquist, Peter. “‘Conduct Mericless Mass Terror’: Decossackization on the Don, 1919,” Cahiers du monde russe Volume 38, Numbers 1-2 (January-June 1997): 127-162.

Holquist, Peter. "‘ Information is the Alpha and Omega of Our Work’: Bolshevik Surveillance in Its Pan-European Context," Journal of Modern History (September 1997): 415-450.

Izmozik, Vladlen. “From the Perlustration Files (1926): A Young Man’s Letter to the British Embassy and Subsequent Interrogation,” Russian History 1997 24(1-2): 171-187

Izmozik, Vladlen. Glaza i ushi rezhima: Gosudarstvennyi politicheskii kontrol’ za naseleniem sovetskoi Rossii v 1918-1928 godakh [The Eyes and Ears of the Regime: State Political Control over the Population of Soviet Russia, 1918-1928] (St. Petersburg, 1995).

Vladlen Izmozik, "Voice from the Twenties: Private Correspondence Intercepted by the OGPU," The Russian Review 55 (1996): 287-308.

Kriukov, M. Ulitsa Mol’era 29: Sekretnaia missiia polkovnika Popova [29 Moliere Street: The Secret Mission of Colonel Popov.] (Moscow, 2000).

Leggett, George. The Cheka: Lenin’s Political Police: the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage, December 1917 to February 1922 (New York: Oxford, 1981).

Long, John W. PLOT AND COUNTER-PLOT IN REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA: CHRONICLING THE BRUCE LOCKHART CONSPIRACY, 1918. Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1995 10(1): 122-143. The so-called "Lockhart conspiracy" for the overthrow of the Bolshevik government in Russia in 1918 can now be seen as, on the one hand, a real but rather pitiful anti-Soviet conspiracy concocted by the megalomaniacal Sidney Reilly and, on the other, a superb example of policy provocation conceived and executed by agents of the Cheka. The gradual emergence of new material over the years has revealed that British agent Robert Bruce Lockhart was deeply involved in various anti-Soviet conspiracies, but that the plot involving the turning of Latvian troops against the Bolsheviks was the work of Cheka agents provocateurs. The plan provoked by Reilly for the seizure of the entire leadership of the Soviet government gave the secret police an opportunity to expose and arrest the whole counterrevolutionary network in Russia.

Plotke, A. J. Imperial Spies Invade Russia: the British Intelligence Interventions, 1918 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993).

Rozgonyi, Ibolya. DZERZSINSZKIJ AZ ELLENZÉKIEK KÖZÖTT [Dzerzhinsky among the members of the opposition]. Múltunk [Hungary] 1993 38(2-3): 219-229. Describes the activities of Felix Dzerzhinsky, head of the Soviet secret police, as commissar of transport in 1921 and as a member of the Polish revolutionary committee and head of the Politburo commission sent to Georgia in 1922, indicating the issues over which he clashed with Lenin.

Sikorski, Evgeni Aleksandrovich. “Sovietskaia sistema politicheskogo kontrolia nad naseleniem v 1918-1920 godakh,” [The Soviet system of political control over the population, 1918-20] Voprosy istorii [Russia] 1998, Number 5: 91-100.

Spence, Richard B. Trust No One: The Secret World of Sidney Reilly (London: Feral House, 2002).

Swain, Geoffrey. “‘An Interesting and Plausible Proposal’: Bruce Lockhart, Sidney Reilly and the Latvian Riflemen, Russia, 1918,” Intelligence and National Security Volume 14, Number 3 (1999): 81-102.

The Stalin Era

Antonov-Ovseenko, Anton. Beriia [Beriia] (Moscow: Izdatel'stvo AST, 1999).

Benvenuti, Francesco. "The ‘Reform’ of the NKVD, 1934," Europe-Asia Studies Volume 49, Number 6 (September 1997): 1037-1056.

Chase, William J. Enemy Within the Gates? The Comintern and the Stalinist Repression, 1934-1939 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001).

Conquest, Robert. Inside Stalin’s Secret Police: NKVD Politics, 1936-1939 (Stanford: Hoover Press, 1985).

Costello, John and Oleg Tsarev, Deadly Illusions: The KGB Orlov Dossier Reveals Stalin’s Master Spy (Crown Publishers, 1993).

Danilov, Viktor and Berelowitch, Alexis. LES DOCUMENTS DES VCK-OGPU-NKVD SUR LA CAMPAGNE SOVIETIQUE, 1918-1937 [VCHK-OGPU-NKVD documents on the Soviet rural world, 1918-37]. Cahiers du Monde Russe [France] 1994 35(3): 633-682.

Depretto, Jean-Paul. L'OPINION OUVRIERE (1928-1932) [The opinion of the workers, 1928-32] Revue des Etudes Slaves [France] 1994 66(1): 55-60. Newly available archival sources indicate that a significant amount of worker discontent existed in the Soviet Union during the first Five-Year Plan, 1928-32. Letters, grievances, police reports, and the correspondence of local Party organizations to the Central Committee reveal that workers' views and dissatisfaction (resulting from excessive state expropriations and taxes) existed within a repressive environment.

Deriabin, Petr S. Watchdogs of Terror: Russian Bodyguards from the Tsars to the Commissars

Deriabin, Petr S. Inside Stalin’s Kremlin: An Eyewitness Account of Brutality, Duplicity, Intrigue and Murder of Joseph Stalin (Brassey’s, 1998).

Dmitriev, Petr. «Soldat Berii» Vospominaniia lagernogo okhranika [Beriia’s soldier: Memoirs of a Camp Guard] (Leningrad, "Chas pik", 1991).

Druzhnikov, Yuri. Informer 001: The Myth of Pavlik Morozov (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1997).

Duff, William E. A Time for Spies: Theodore Stephanovich Mally and the Era of the Great Illegals (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1999).

Fitzpatrick, Sheila. SIGNALS FROM BELOW: SOVIET LETTERS OF DENUNCIATION OF THE 1930S. Journal of Modern History 1996 68(4): 831-866.

Fitzpatrick, Sheila and Robert Gellately, eds. Accusatory Practices: Denunciation in Modern European History, 1789-1989 (University of Chicago Press, 1997).

Glantz, David M. "Observing the Soviets: U.S. Army Attachés in Eastern Europe During the 1930s," The Journal of Military History 55 (April 1991): 153-183.

Gorinov, Mikhail Mikhailovich. BUDNI OSAZHDENNOI STOLITSY: ZHIZN' I NASTROENIIA MOSKVICHEI (1941-1942 GG.) [Daily life of a puzzled capital: life and attitudes of Muscovites, 1941-42]. Otechestvennaia Istoriia [Russia] 1996 (3): 3-28.

Graziosi, Andrea. COLLECTIVISATION, REVOLTES PAYSANNES ET POLITIQUES GOUVERNEMENTALES: A TRAVERS LES RAPPORTS DU GPU D'UKRAINE DE FEVRIER-MARS 1930 [Collectivization, peasant revolts, and government policy through the reports of the Ukrainian GPU, February-March 1930]. Cahiers du Monde Russe [France] 1994 35(3): 437-631.

Harris, James R. “The Growth of the GULAG: Forced Labor in the Urals Region, 1929-1931,” Russian Review (April 1997).

Jansen, Marc and Petrov, Nikita. Stalin's Loyal Executioner: People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940 (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 2002).

Kahan, Stuart. The Wolf of the Kremlin: the First Biography of L.M. Kaganovich, the Soviet Union’s Architect of Fear (1987).

Kirilina, Anna. Neizvestnyi Kirov: Mify i real'nost' [The Unknown Kirov: Myths and Reality] (Moscow: OLMA Press, 2001).

Knight, Amy. Stalin’s First Lieutenant: Beria (Princeton University Press, 1995).

Knight, Amy. Who Killed Kirov? The Kremlin’s Greatest Mystery (Hill and Wang, 1999).

Koliazin, V. F., et. al., eds. «Vernite mne svobodu!»: Deiateli literatury i iskusstva Rossii i Germanii – zhertvy stalinskogo terrora (Memorial'nyi sbornik dokumentov iz arkhivov byvshego KGB) ["Give me back my freedom!" Writers and Artists in Russia and Germany – Victims of the Stalin Terror] (Moscow: MEDIUM, 1997). [Contains large sections of Soviet secret police dossiers on selected individuals.]

Kostyrchenko, Gennadi Vasil'evich. SOVETSKAIA TSENZURA V 1941-1952 GODAKH [Soviet censorship, 1941-52] Voprosy Istorii [Russia] 1996 (11-12): 87-94.

Kuniaev, S. Iu. and Kuniaev, S. S. Rasterzannye Teni: Izbrannye Stranitsy iz "Del" 20-30-kh gg. [Racked shadows: Selected pages from the "files" of the 1920s-1930s] (Moscow: Golos, 1995). Stanislav Kuniaev (b. 1932), a well-known Russian poet and , since 1989, chief-editor of a nationalist magazine "Nash Sovremennik" ("Our contemporary") co-authored this book with his son. It tells about the fate of the poet Sergei Esenin's (1895-1925) family and friends who were allegedly involved in a "counter-revolutionary conspiracy" with him. The book is based on KGB archive materials. It depicts members of Esenin's circle, representative of the peasant intelligentsia, as true victims of the repressive regime and sets them off against a more explosive element of revolutionaries, both in art and in politics. Name index.

Lartseva, Natalia. Teatr rasstrelianyi [The Executed Theater] (Petrozavodsk: Petropress, 1998). The daughter of Vasily Lapin, a theatrical producer who perished in Stalin’s persecutions, tries to assemble information about the Leningrad Drama Theater and other theaters destroyed in purges. Newly available materials from the KGB and other archives make it possible to provide details about the fate of many theatrical figures of that period. The book is richly illustrated by archive photos and documentary facsimiles.

Martin, Terry. “The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing,” Journal of Modern History Volume 70, Number 4 (December 1998): 813-861.

Morrell, Gordon W. REDEFINING INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENCE-GATHERING: THE INDUSTRIAL INTELLIGENCE CENTRE AND THE METRO-VICKERS AFFAIR, MOSCOW 1933 Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1994 9(3): 520-533. The 1933 arrest by the Soviet secret police of British engineers working for the Metropolitan Vickers Electrical Company in Moscow led to a show trial that produced a crisis in Soviet-British relations. The Soviet charge of espionage was not entirely a fabrication, as Metro-Vickers did aid British intelligence agencies through the 1920's until 1934, with the Industrial Intelligence Centre taking a major role in the early 1930's. The British engineers might not have been aware of the dangerous role they were playing, but British intelligence efforts did prompt the response of the Soviet secret police which, if harsh, should not have been surprising.

Nordlander, David. "Capital of the GULag: Magadan in the Early Stalin Era, 1929-1941" (Ph. D. diss., Chapel Hill, 1997): 138-95.

Parrish, Michael. The Lesser Terror: Soviet State Security, 1939-1953 (Westport, Conn.: Praeger Press, 1996).

Peris, Daniel. Storming the Heavens: The Soviet League of the Militant Godless (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998).

Radosh, Ronald. [New study of the Soviets in the Spanish Civil War, expected in 1999]

Rittersporn, Gábor. "The Omnipresent Conspiracy: On Soviet Imagery of Politics and Social Relations in the 1930s," in Stalinism and Its Aftermath: Essays in Honour of Moshe Lewin (M.E. Sharpe, 1992), pp. 101-120.

Rubin, Nikolai. Lavrentii Beriia: Mif i real'nost' [Lavrentii Beriia: Myth and Reality] (Moscow: Olimp, 1998).

Shearer, David. “CRIME AND SOCIAL DISORDER IN STALIN'S RUSSIA: A REASSESSMENT OF THE GREAT RETREAT AND THE ORIGINS OF MASS REPRESSION,” Cahiers du Monde Russe [France] 1998 39(1-2): 119-148.

Shentalinsky, Vitaly. Arrested Voices: Resurrecting the Disappeared Writers of the Soviet Regime (New Yor: Free Press, 1996).

Siegelbaum L.H., “‘Dear comrade, you ask what we need’: Socialist paternalism and Soviet rural "notables" in the mid-1930s,” Slavic Review (Spring 1998) Volume 57, Number 1: 107-132.

Stoliarov, Kirill. Palachi i zhertvy: dos'e [Hangmen and their victims: a dossier] (Moscow: Olma Press, 1998).

Turdiev, Sherali. LA SURETE RUSSE, LES MAITRES D'ECOLE TATARS ET LE MOUVEMENT DJADID AU TURKESTAN [Russian security police, Tatar schoolmasters, and the Jadid movement in Turkestan]. Cahiers du Monde Russe [France] 1996 37(1-2): 211-221.

Werth, Nicolas. UNE SOURCE INEDITE: LES SVODKI DE LA TCHÉKA-OGPU [An unpublished source: the svodki of the Cheka-OGPU]. Revue des Etudes Slaves [France] 1994 66(1): 17-27. Examines previously unpublished archival sources, the svodki [reports] of the Cheka (secret police) and General State Political Administration (OGPU), and describes their potential usefulness for research. These reports were usually written to explore a specific problem or issue and therefore lack a broad, comprehensive view of Soviet society as a whole. They also represent but a tiny fraction of Cheka-OGPU documents - the vast majority are still immured in state security archives. The importance of these reports lies in the light they throw on worker unrest, the resistance to collectivization, the Civil War, and the tenuousness of Soviet power in the countryside and in the republics.

Wheatcroft, Stephen. “Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Dara—Not the Last Word,” Europe-Asia Studies Volume 51, Number 2 (March 1999): 315-345.

Velikanova, Olga. BERICHTE ZUR STIMMUNGSLAGE: ZU DEN QUELLEN POLITISCHER BEOBACHTUNG DER BEVÖLKERUNG IN DER SOWJETUNION, [Reports on public opinion: sources on political observations of the population in the Soviet Union] Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas [Germany] 1999 47(2): 227-243.

GULAG & Forced Labor

Bacon, Edwin. The GULAG at War: Stalin’s Forced Labour System in the Light of the Archives (New York: New York University Press, 1994).

Dallin, David J. and Boris I. Nicolaevsky, Forced Labor in Soviet Russia (New Haven: Yale, 1947).

Fremont, Helen. After Long Silence (New York: Dell Publishing, 1999).

Getty, J. Arch, Gabor T. Rittersporn and Viktor N. Zemskov, “Victims of the Soviet Penal System in the Pre-War Years: A First Approach on the Basis of Archival Evidence,” The American Historical Review Volume 98, Number 4 (October 1993): 1017-1049.

Holzman, Franklyn D. Readings on the Soviet Economy (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1962).

Jacobsen, Michael. Origins of the Gulag: the Soviet Prison Camp System, 1917-1933 (Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky, 1993).

Karklins, Rasma. “The Organization of Power in Soviet Labor Camps,” Soviet Studies (April 1989).

Nordlander, David.

Pickhan, Gertrude, “‘That Incredible History of the Polish Bund Written in a Soviet Prison’: The NKVD Files on Henrykh Erlich and Wiktor Alter,” Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry [Great Britain] 1997, Number 10: 247-272.

Pohl, J. Otto The Stalinist Penal System: A Statistical History of Soviet Repression and Terror, 1930-1953 (McFarland and Co., 1997).

Schere, John L. and Michael Jakobson, “The Collectivization of Agriculture and the Soviet Prison Camp System,” Europe-Asia Studies Volume 45, Number 3 (1993): 533-546.

Schwarz, Solomon M. Labor in the Soviet Union (New York: Praeger, 1951).

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

Wheatcroft, Stephen. “On Assessing the Size of Forced Concentration Camp Labour in the Soviet Union, 1929-1956” Soviet Studies 33, no. 2 (April 1981): 265-295.

Women’s Voices from Soviet Labor Camps (Baltimore : Smoloskyp Publishers, 1975).

World War II

1941 god v 2-kh knigakh [The year 1941, in two books] from the series Rossiia XX vek. Dokumenty [Russia in the Twentieth Century. Documents] (Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyi fond "Demokratiia", 1998). [Contains copies of Soviet military intelligence re: German war plans before and after Barbarossa.]

Accoce, Pierre and Pierre Quet, A Man Called Lucy, 1939-1945 (New York: Coward-McCann, 1967).

Budkevich, S. L. "Delo Zorge": Sledstvie i sudebnyi protsess [The Sorge Affair: the investigative and judicial proceedings] (Moscow: Izd. "Nauka, 1969).

Craveri, Marta and Oleg Khlevnyuk, “Krizis ekonomiki MVD (konets 1940-1950 gody),” Cahiers du Monde russe et sovietique, XXXVI, 1-2, (January-June 1995).

DeWitt, Kurt, The Role of the Partisans in Soviet Intelligence (Alabama: Maxwell Air Force Base, 1954).

Dulles, Allen. From Hitler’s Doorstep: The Wartime Intelligence Reports of Allen Dulles, 1942-1945. Edited with Commentary by Neal H. Patterson (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996).

Erickson, John. "Threat Identification and Strategic Appraisal by the Soviet Union, 1930-1941," in Ernest R. May, ed. Knowing One’s Enemies: Intelligence Assessments Before the Two World Wars (Princeton, 1984), pp. 375-421.

The Evolution of Soviet Operational Art, 1927-1991. The Documentary Basis. Two Volumes. Volume I: Operational Art, 1927-1964. Volume II: Operational Art, 1965-1991 (London: Frank Cass, 1995).

Glantz, David M. The Role of Intelligence in Soviet Military Strategy in World War II (Novato, CA: Presidio, 1990).

Glantz, David M. Soviet Military Intelligence in War (London, 1990).

Hohne, Heinz. Codeword: Direktor (New York: Berkeley Medallion Books, 1972).

Kahn, David. Hitler's Spies: German Military Intelligence in World War II (New York: Macmillan, 1978).

Karov, D. Interrogation Methods Used by German Counterintelligence in Kharkov, Russia, 1941-1943 (Historical Division of the U.S. Army Europe, Foreign Military Studies Branch, 1953). [Declassified by the Department of Defense on 31 October 1997. MS # P-138.]

Kolesnikov, Mikhail. Takim byl Rizhard Zorge [Such was Richard Sorge] (Moscow: Voennoe izdatel'stvo, 1965).

Kozlov, Vladimir A. "‘DELO «MIF»: rassledovanie NKVD/MVD SSSR obstoiatel’stv ischeznoveniia Gitlera (Noaibr’ 1945-1949 god)," Otechestvennaia istoriia 1996, No. 1: 121-138; No. 2: 80-106.

Mader, Julius. Dr.-Sorge Report (Berlin: Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republic, 1984).

Menning, Bruce W., ed. At the Threshold of War: The Soviet High Command in 1941 Winter, 1997-98 volume in Russian Studies in History: A Journal of Translations (Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, 1998).

Perrault, Gilles. The Red Orchestra (New York: Schocken, 1989).

Prange, Gordon W. Target Tokyo: The Story of the Sorge Spy Ring (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984).

Rado, Sandor. Codename Dora (London: Aberlard-Schuman, 1977).

Read, Anthony and David Fisher, Operation Lucy: Most Secret Spy Ring of the Second World War (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1980).

Rote Kapelle (Washington: University Publications of America, 1979).

The Rote Kapelle: The CIA's History of Soviet Intelligence and Espionage Networks in Western Europe, 1936-1945

Sal’nikov, V.P. et. al. Organy vnutrennikh del severo-zapada Rossii v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi Voiny [Organs of Internal Affairs in Northwest Russia During the Years of the Great Patriotic War] (St. Petersburg: MVD Rossii, 1999).

Smith, Bradley F. Sharing Secrets with Stalin: How the Allies Traded Intelligence, 1941-1945 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996).

Starinov, Colonel I. G. Over the Abyss: My Life in Soviet Special Operations (New York: Ivy Books [Ballantine Books], 1995).

Stephan, Robert. "Smersh: Soviet Military Counterintelligence during the Second World War," Journal of Contemporary History 22 (1987), pp. 585-613.

Stiazhkin, Sergei Valentinovich. “Organy gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti i vnutrennikh del v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine, 1941-1943 gg. (Na materialakh Verkhnevgo Povolzh’ia),” [The Organs of State Security and Internal Affairs in the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1943 (Based Materials from the Upper Volga Region)] Dissertatsiia kandidata istoricheskikh nauk, Iaroslavl’, 1999.

Tarrant, V. E. The Red Orchestra: The Soviet Spy Network Inside Nazi Europe (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995).

Thomas, David. "Foreign Armies East and German Military Intelligence in Russia, 1941-1945," Journal of Contemporary History 1987, No. 2, pp. 261-302.

Trepper, Leopold. The Great Game: Memoirs of the Spy Hitler Couldn't Silence (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977). [Memoirs of the Soviet GRU Officer who ran the Red Orchestra in World War II.]

Waller, John. The Unseen War in Europe: Espionage and Conspiracy in the Second World War (New York: Random House, 1996).

Whaley, Barton. Codeword Barbarossa (Harvard, 1973), Ch. 8: "Soviet Views"

Whymant, Robert. Stalin's Spy: Richard Sorge and the Tokyo Espionage Ring (St. Martin's Press, 1998).

Post-War Eastern Europe

Anušauskas, Arvydas, ed.. The Anti-Soviet Resistance in the Baltic States (Vilnius: Du Ka, 1999).

Beliaev, V. and M. Rudnitskii, Pod chuzhimi znamenami (Moscow, 1954).

Bower, Tom. The Red Web: MI6 and the KGB Mastercoup (London: Mandarin, 1993).

Burds, Jeffrey. "AGENTURA: Soviet Informants’ Networks in West Ukraine, 1944-1948," Eastern European Politics & Societies, 1997.

Cakars, Maris and Barton Osborn, "Operation Ohio: A Special Win Report Detailing American-Sponsored Political Assassination and Torture in Postwar Germany," Win 1975, pp. 3-19.

Daumantas, Juozas. Fighters for Freedom: Lithuanian Partisans versus the U.S.S.R (1944-1947) Second Edition. (Toronto, 1975).

Degtiarev,, Aleksei, Dolia polkovnika (45 let v shineli) [A Colonel’s Duty: 45 Years in an [Officer’s] Greatcoat] (Moscow: POF “Pobeda-1945 god,” 1994). [A military journalist of some note, born 1925 and serving from March 1943 mainly with NKVD troops fighting what they called “armed banditry” in western Belorussia, Lithuania and Latvia.]

Kubina, Michael, "IN EINER SOLCHEN FORM, DIE NICHT ERKENNEN LÄSST, WORUM ES SICH HANDELT": ZU DEN ANFÄNGEN DER PARTEIEIGENEN GEHEIM- UND SICHERHEITSAPPARATE DER KPD/SED NACH DEM ZWEITEN WELTKRIEG," ["In a form that does not reveal what it's about": the beginnings of the secret security apparatus of the German Communist Party-Socialist Unity Party after World War II] Internationale Wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz zur Geschichte der Deutschen Arbeiterbewegung [Germany] 1996 32(3): 340-374.

Laar, Mart. War in the Woods: Estonia’s Struggle for Survival, 1944-56 (Washington, D.C.: Compass Press, 1992).

Loftus, John. The Belarus Secret: The Nazi Connection in America (New York: Knopf, 1982).

Marchio, James D. "Days of the Future Past: Joint Intelligence in World War II," Joint Force Quarterly Number 11 (Spring 1996).

Marchio, James D. "Resistance Potential and Rollback: US Intelligence and the Eisenhower Administration’s Policies Toward Eastern Europe, 1953-56," Intelligence and National Security Volume 10, Number 2 (1 April 1995).

Marchio, James D. "Rhetoric and Reality: The Eisenhower Administration and Unrest in Eastern Europe, 1953-1959," Ph.D. Dissertation, American University, 1990.

Mark, Eduard. "The War Scare of 1946 and Its Consequences," Diplomatic History Volume 12, Number 3 (Summer 1997).

Mark, Eduard. "The OSS in Romania, 1944-1945: An Intelligence Operation of the Early Cold War," Intelligence and National Security Vol. 9, No. 2 (April 1994): 320-344.

Milano, Col. James V. and Patrick Brogan, Soldiers, Spies, and the Rat Line: America’s Undeclared War Against the Soviets (Washington: Brassey’s, 1995).

Narodnyi Komissariat Iustitsii Soiuza SSR, Sudebnyi otchet po delu ob organizatorakh, rukovoditeliakh i uchastnikakh pol’skogo podpol’ia v tylu Krasnoi Armii na territorii Pol’shi, Litvy i zapadnykh raionov Belorusii i Ukrainy. 18 – 21 iiunia 1945 g. (Stenograficheskii otchet), (Moscow, 1945).

Noskova, A. F., ed. NKVD i pol’skoe podpol’e, 1944-1945 (Po ‘osobym papkam’ I. V. Stalina) (Moscow: RAN, 1994).

Ostermann, Christian. "Die Ostdeutschen an einen langwierigen Kampf gewoehnen: Die Vereinigten Staaten und der Aufstand vom 17. Juni 1953," Deutschland Arkhiv (May/June 1997), pp. 350-368.

Ostermann, Christian. "Im Schatten der Bundesrespublik: Die DDR im Kalkuel der amerikanischen Deutschland politik (1949-1989/90)," in Klaus Larres and Torsten Oppelland, eds. Deutschland und die USA im 20. Jahrhundert (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1997), pp. 230-255.

Pohl, J. Ottto. Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937-1949 (Greenwod Publishing, 1999).

Simpson, Christopher. Blowback: America’s Recruitment of Nazis and Its Effects on the Cold War (New York: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1988).

Soutor, Kevin. "To Stem the Red Tide: The German Report Series and Its Effect on American Defense Doctrine, 1948-1954" The Journal of Military History Volume 57, Number 4 (October 1993): 653-688.

Taagepera, Rein. “Soviet Documentation of the Estonian Pro-Independence Guerrilla Movement, 1945-1952,” Journal of Baltic Studies, Volume X, Number 2 (1979).

Tys-Krokhmaliuk, Yuriy. UPA Warfare in Ukraine: Strategical, Tactical and Organizational Problems of Ukrainian Resistance in World War II (New York, 1972).

Vardys, V. Stanley. "The Partisan Movement in Postwar Lithuania," in Lithuania Under the Soviets (New York: Praeger, 1965).

Viirlaid, Arved. Graves Without Crosses (Canada: Clarke, Irwin & Company, 1972).

Zubrenkov, S. and N. Mitrokhina, compilers and editors. "Lesnye Brat’ia" 1944-45 gg.: Dokumenty Litovskoi Osvoboditel’noi Armii (Moscow, [Archives of the Soviet Army, ff. 32901 and 38650], 1995). Parts 1-2.

Žymantas, Stasys. "Twenty Years of Resistance [in postwar Lithuania]," Lituanus Volume VI, Number 2 (September 1960).

Postwar Periphery: Far East, Near East, Africa, Latin America

Borstelmann, Thomas. Apartheid’s Reluctant Uncle: The United States and Southern Africa in the Early Cold War (New York, 1994).

Burns, William F. Economic Aid and American Policy toward Egypt, 1955-1981 (Albany, 1985).

Cohen, Warren I. and Akira Iriye, eds. The Great Powers in East Asia, 1953-1960 (1990).

Cox, Michael, ed. The Superpowers, Central America, and the Middle East (London, 1988).

Jervis, Robert and Jack Snyder, eds. Dominoes and Bandwagons: Strategic Beliefs and Great Power Competition in the Eurasian Rimland (New York, 1991).

Katz, Mark N., ed. The USSR and Marxist Revolutions in the Third World (New York, 1990).

Kolko, Gabriel. Confronting the Third World: United States Foreign Policy, 1945-1980 (New York, 1980).

Kuniholm, Bruce R. The Origins of the Cold War in the Near East: Great Power Conflict and Diplomacy in Iran, Turkey, and Greece (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980).

Lowe, Peter. Containing the Cold War in East Asia: British Policies towards Japan, China and Korea, 1948-1953 (New York: St. Martin's, 1997).

McMahon, Robert J. The Cold War on the Periphery: The United States, India, and Pakistan (New York, 1994).

McMahon, Robert J. "United States Cold War Strategy in South Asia: Making a Military Commitment to Pakistan, 1947-1954," Journal of American History Volume LXXV (1988): 812-840.

Menon, Raj. Soviet Power and the Third World (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986).

Noer, Thomas J. Cold War and Black Liberation: The United States and White Rule in Africa, 1948-1968 (Columbia, Mo., 1985).

Yu, Maochun. OSS in China: Prelude to Cold War(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997).

The Cambridge Five

Berkeley, Roy. A Spy’s London: A Walk Book of 136 Sites in Central London Relating to Spies, Spycatchers and Subversives (Combined Books, 1997).

Borovik, Genrikh. The Philby Files: The Secret Life of Master Spy Kim Philby (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1994).

Brown, Anthony Cave. Treason in the Blood: H. St. John Philby, Kim Philby and the Case of the Century (1995).

Knightly, Phillip. The Master Spy: The Story of Kim Philby (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1989).

West, Nigel, and Oleg Tsarev, The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the Heart of the KGB Archives (London: HarperCollins, 1998).

Newton, Verne W. The Cambridge Spies: The Untold Story of Maclean, Philby, and Burgess in America (Lanham: Madison Books, 1991).

Philba, Rufina. The Private Life of Kim Philby: The Moscow Years (Fromm International, 2000).

Rees, Jenny. Looking for Mr. Nobody: The Secret Life of Gorowny Rees (1994).

Wright, Peter. Spycatcher (New York: Viking, 1987).

France

Faligot, Roger and Pascal Krop, La Piscine: The French Secret Service since 1944 (New York: Basil Blackwell, 1989).

Atomic Spies

Albright, Joseph and Marcia Kunstel, BOMBSHELL: The Secret Story of America’s Unknown Atomic Spy Conspiracy (New York: Random House, 1997).

Holloway, David. Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939-1956 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994).

Sudoplatov, Pavel. Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little, Brown, & Co., 1994-1995). Second Revised Edition.

VENONA, linked to the National Security Agency’s WEBpage. Includes full texts of intercepted Soviet communications from the 1940s.

Williams, Robert Chadwell. Klaus Fuchs (Harvard University Press, 1987).

Cold War

* Andrew, Christopher, and Oleg Gordievsky, Comrade Kryuchkov’s Instructions: Top Secret Files on KGB Foreign Operations, 1975-1985 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993).

Ball, Desmond. Breaking the Codes: Australian KGB Networks (Allen & Unwin,

* Chikov, Vladimir. Nelegaly: Dos'e KGB No. 13676 [Illegals: KGB Dossier No. 13676] Two volumes. Volume 1. Operatsiia "ENORMOUS" [Operation "ENORMOUS"]. Volume 2. "Dachniki" v Londone ["Vacationers" in London] (Moscow: OLIMP, 1997).

* Etzold, Thomas H. and John Lewis Gaddis, eds. Containment: Documents on American Policy and Strategy, 1945-1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1978).

* Gaddis, John Lewis. "Intelligence, Espionage and Cold War Origins," Diplomatic History, 13, no. 2 (Spring 1989), pp. 191-212.

* Gaddis, John Lewis. We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

Hixson, Walter L. Parting the Curtain: Propaganda, Culture, and the Cold War, 1945-1961 (New York: St. Martin's, 1997).

* Koch, Stephen. Double Lives: Spies and Writers in the Secret Soviet War of Ideas Against the West (New York: The Free Press, 1994).

Krasnov, Vladislav. Soviet Defectors: The KGB Wanted List (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1985).

* Lamphere, Robert J. The FBI-KGB War: A Special Agent's Story (Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press, 1995).

Mailer, Norman. Oswald's Tale: An American Mystery (New York, Ballantine Books, 1995).

* Murphy, David E., Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey, Battleground Berlin: CIA vs. KGB in the Cold War (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997).

Snyder, Alvin A. Warriors of Disinformation: American Propaganda, Soviet Lies, and the Winning of the Cold War: An Insider’s Account (Arcade Publishers, 1995). [An exposé of the United States Information Agency by the former director of its Worldnet Television department charges that the Agency spread propaganda and "disinformation" during the eighties in an effort to beat the Soviets at their own game.]

* Thomas, Evan. The Very Best Men (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995).

Urban, George R. Radio Free Europe and the Pursuit of Democracy: My War within the Cold War (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998).

* V plameni kholodnoi voiny. Sud’ba agenta: Dokumental’no-khudozhestvennaia povest’ [In the Furnace of the Cold War. The Fate of an Agent: A Documentary-Literary Tale] (Moscow: Izd. “Russkaia razvedchika”, 2000). [Follows the career of Stig Vennerstrem, an double agent working for Soviet military intelligence in Sweden]

* Watt, D. Cameron. "Intelligence and the Historian," Diplomatic History, 14, no. 2 (Spring 1990), pp. 199-204.

* Zubok, Vladislav and Constantine Pleshakov. Inside the Kremlin’s Cold War: From Stalin to Khrushchev (Harvard University Press, 1996).

Soviet Assassination

Anders, K. Murder to Order (London, 1965).

Chaikovs’kyi, Danyla, ed. Moskovs’ki vbyvtsi Bandery pered sudom: Zbirka materiialiv (Munich: Ukrains’ke vydavnytstvo v Miunkheni, 1965).

Jansen, Marc and de Jong, Ben. “Stalin’s Hand in Rotterdam: The Murder of Ukrainian Nationalist Yevhen Konovalets in May 1938,” Intelligence and National Security Volume 9, Number 4 (October 1994), pp. 676-694.

Activities of the Soviet Secret Service (Testimony of Nikolai Evgeniyevich Khoklov, Former MGB Agent), Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Third Congress. Second Session on Activities of Soviet Secret Service, May 21, 1954. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954).

Murder International, Inc.: Murder and Kidnapping as an Instrument [sic] of Soviet Policy, Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Ninth Congress. First Session. March 26, 1965. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965).

Murdered by Moscow: Petlura-Konovalets-Bandera: Three Leaders of the Ukrainian National Liberation Movement Assassinated at the Orders of Stalin and Khrushchev (London, 1962).

Onat’sky, et. al. zhitiia i smert’ polkovnika Konoval’tsia (L’viv, 1993).

Sudoplatov, Pavel and Anatolii Sudoplatov. Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1994-1995). [LC# JN6529.I6 S83 1995] Also available in a Russian edition, 1997.

Cold War in America

CNN See the Cold War Documenary Series and supporting WEBsite (with over 10,000 pages of material available on-line).

Activities of the Soviet Secret Service (Testimony of Nikolai Evgeniyevich Khoklov, Former MGB Agent), Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Third Congress. Second Session on Activities of Soviet Secret Service, May 21, 1954. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954).

Grose, Peter. Gentleman Spy: The Life of Allen Dulles (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994).

Hersh, Burton. The Old Boys: The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1992).

Klehr, Harvey, et. al. The Secret World of American Communism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).

The Kremlin’s Espionage and Terror Organizations; testimony of Petr. S. Deriabin, former officer of the USSR’s Committee of State Security (KGB). Hearing Before the Committee of Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-sixth Congress, First session. Released March 17, 1959.

Mosley, Leonard. Dulles: A Biography of Eleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and Their Family Network (New York: The Dial Press, 1978).

Murder International, Inc.: Murder and Kidnaping as an Instrument of Soviet Policy, Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Ninth Congress. First Session. March 26, 1965. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965).

[Orlov, Alexander]. Testimony of Alexander Orlov, Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Seventh Congress. September 28, 1955. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962).

Richelson, Jeffrey. American Espionage and the Soviet Target (New York: William Morrow, 1987).

Rositzke, Harry A. "America’s Secret Operations: A Perspective," Foreign Affairs Volume 53, Number 2 (January 1975).

Rositzke, Harry A. The CIA’s Secret Operations (New York: Reader’s Digest Press, 1977).

Ross, Steven T. American War Plans, 1945-1950 (New York: Garland Publishing, 1988).

Soviet Total War: “Historic Mission of Violence and Deceit”, Volumes I & II. Prepared and Released by the Committee on Un-American Activities, United States House of Representatives, Washington DC, September 23-30, 1956.

Truman, Harry. The Truman Presidential Papers, Volume 7 The Ideological Foundations of the Cold War -- the "Long Telegram," the Foreign Affairs X Article, the Clifford Report, and NSC 68 (University Publications of America, 1995-1997).

Warner, Michael, ed. The CIA under Harry Truman (Washington, 1994).

Weinstein, Allen and Alexander Vassiliev. The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America (The Stalin Era) (New York: Random House, 1999).

Whitfield, Stephen J. The Culture of the Cold War (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991).

Cold War in Europe

Aarons, Mark and John Loftus, Unholy Trinity: the Vatican, Nazis, and Soviet Intelligence (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992).

Barnes, Trevor. "The Secret Cold War: The CIA and American Foreign Policy in Europe, 1946-1956," The Historical Journal XXIV, No. 2 (1981): 399-415.

Bokun, Branko. Spy in the Vatican (London: Vita books, 1973).

Kondakov, B. Iuda iz Iasenovo [Judas from Iasenovo] (Moscow: Geia, 1996). This book is a documentary novel about Russian spies. The main character is based on the story of a Russian intelligence officer, Oleg Gordievskii, who defected and became an agent of the British Intelligence Service.

Women Spies

There is a new series, Super-shpionki dvadtsatogo veka [Super-women spies of the Twentieth Century] which is being published in Moscow for popular audiences by TOO "Geia".

McIntosh, Elizabeth P. The Role of Women in Intelligence (McLean, Virginia: Association of Former Intelligence Officers, 1989).

* McIntosh, Elizabeth P. Sisterhood of Spies: The Women of the OSS (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, * 1998).

MacDonald, Elizabeth P.[McIntosh, Elizabeth] Undercover Girl (New York: Macmillan, 1947). [A woman's account of her life in the OSS from 1943-1945.]

* Mlechin, Leonid. Alibi dlia velikoi pevitsy [Nadezhda Pebitskaia, Grabriele Gast] [An Alibi for a Great Songstress] (Moscow: TOO "Geia", 1997).

Wheelwright, Julie. The Fatal Lover: Mata Hari and the Myth of Women in Espionage (London: Collins & Brown, 1992).

Cuban Missile Crisis

Blight, James D. and David Welch, On the Brink: Americans and Soviets Re-Examine the Cuban Missile Crisis, Second Edition (New York: Noonday, 1990).

Chang, Laurence and Peter Kornbluh, eds. The Cuban Missile Crisis: A National Security Archives Documents Reader (New York: The New Press, 1992).

Fursenko, Aleksandr and Timothy Naftali, One Hell of a Gamble: Khrushchev, Kennedy and Castro, 1958-1964 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997).

Gribkov, General Anatolii I. and General William Y. Smith, Operation ANADYR: U.S. and Soviet Generals Recount the Cuban Missile Crisis (Chicago: edition q, 1994).

Halperin, Maurice. The Rise and Decline of Fidel Castro (Berkeley: Universityof California Press, 1972).

May, Ernest R., and Philip D. Zelikow, eds. The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House During the Cuban Missile Crisis (Belknap Press, 1997).

Penkovsky, Oleg. The Penkovskiy Papers (New York: Doubleday, 1965).

Schechter, Jerrold L. and Peter S. Deriabin, The Spy Who Saved the World: How a Soviet Colonel Changed the Course of the Cold War (Washington: Brassey’s, 1992).

Scott, Len. "Espionage and the Cold War: Oleg Penkovsky and the Cuban Missile Crisis," Intelligence and National Security, Volume 14, Number 3 (2000).

East German Stasi/German Gestapo

Ash, Timothy Garton. The File: A Personal History (New York: Random House, 1997).

Childs, David and Richard Popplewell, The Stasi: The East Germany Intelligence and Security Service (Nerw York: NYU Press, 1996).

Colitt, Leslie R. Spymaster: the Real-Life 'Karla,' His Moles, and the East German Secret Police (Reading: Addison-Wesley, 1995).

Gellately, Robert. The Gestapo and German Society: Enforcing Racial Policy, 1933-1945 (Oxford: Clarendon Paperbacks, 1990).

Koehler, John O. Stasi: The Untold Story of the East Germany Secret Police(Westview Press, 1999).

Miller, John. “Settling Accounts with a Secret Police: The German Law on the Stasi Records,” Europe-Asia Studies Volume 50, Number 2 (March 1998), pp. 305-33.

Wolf, Markus, with Anne McElvoy, Man Without a Face: The Autobiography of Communism’s Greatest Spymaster (New York: Random House, 1997).

Wolfe, Nancy Travis. Policing a Socialist Society: The German Democratic Republic(Greenwod Press, 1992).

Other Soviet Satellites

Deletant, Dennis. “Soviet Influence in the Romanian Security Apparatus, 1944-1953,” Revue Romaine d’Histoire [Romania] Volume 33, Numbers 3-4 (1994): 345-353.

Economic Espionage

Signals/Satellite/Air Intelligence

Gaddis, John. "Learning to Live with Transparency: The Emergence of a Reconnaissance Satellite Regime," in John Gaddis, The Long Peace (New York, 1987), pp. 195-214.

Jackson, Robert. High Cold War: Strategic Air Reconnaissance and the Electronic Intelligence War, 1949-97 (Haynes Publications, 1997).

Laqeuer, Walter. The Use and Limits of Intelligence. Revised Edition (Transaction Publishers, 1993).

Lashmar, Paul. Spy Flights of the Cold War (Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute, 1996).

C.I.A. Assessments

Mangold, Tom. Cold Warrior: James Jesus Angleton, The CIA's Master Spy Hunter (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1991).

Post Soviet Era

Albats, Yevgenia. The State Within a State: The KGB and Its Hold on Russia – Past, Present and Future (New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1994).

Ash, Timothy Garton. "True Confessions", The New York Review of Books (July 17, 1997): 33-38.

Ash, Timothy Garton. "The Truth About Dictatorship", The New York Review of Books (Feb. 19, 1998): 35-40.

Burke, James F. ROMANIAN AND SOVIET INTELLIGENCE IN THE DECEMBER REVOLUTION. Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1993 8(4): 26-58. Describes the events leading up to the Romanian revolution of December 1989 and explores the role played in the overthrow of the Ceausescu regime by the Romanian secret police (Securitate) and Soviet intelligence. In both cases inconclusive evidence and conflicting versions of events from the principal actors make a full and accurate account problematic.

Deletant, Dennis. THE SECURITATE AND THE POLICE STATE IN ROMANIA: 1948-64. Intelligence and National Security [Great Britain] 1993 8(4): 1-25.

Deletant, Dennis. THE SECURITATE

Ebon, Martin. KGB: Death and Rebirth (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1994).

Knight, Amy. Spies Without Cloaks: The KGB’s Successors (Princeton University Press, 1996).

Lunev, Stanislav. Through the Eyes of the Enemy: Russia’s Highest Ranking Military Defector Reveals Why Russia Is More Dangerous Than Ever (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 1998).

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick. Secrecy: The American Experience (New Haven, 1998).

Rosenberg, Tina. "Overcoming the legacies of dictatorship", Foreign Affairs (May 1995).

Rosenberg, Tina. "Tipping the scales of justice", World Policy Journal (Fall, 1995).

Waller, J. Michael. Secret Empire: The KGB in Russia Today (Boulder: Westview Press, 1994).

Declassified Document Collections

Bilas, Ivan. Represivno-karal’na sistema v ukraini 1917-1953. Suspil’no-politichnii ta istoriko-pravovii analiz. Two volumes. (Kiev, 1994).

Cold War International History Project Bulletin

Lavrentii Beriia, 1953: Stenogramma iul’skogo plenuma TsK KPSS i drugie dokumenty [Lavrentiia Beriia, 1953: Stenographic report of the July Plenum of the CC CPSU and other documents] (Moscow, 1999). [English version published as: D. M. Stickle, ed. The Beria Affair: The Secret Transcripts of the Meetings Signalling the End of Stalinism (Nova Publishers, 1992)].

Scammell, Michael, ed. The Solzhenitsyn Files: Secret Soviet Documents Reveal One Man's Fight Against the Monolith (Chicago: Edition Q, Inc., 1995).

Strategy, Intelligence, and Military Operations: Insights from Archival Records (Washington, D.C.: Joint Military Intelligence College, 1995).

Werth, N. and G. Moullec, Rapports secrets soviétique – La société russe dans les documentes confidentiels, 1921-1991 (Paris: Gallimard, 1994).

Soviet Thrillers: Spy Fiction as a Literary Genre

The post-Soviet era has spawned an explosion of spy thriller fiction in the former Soviet Union. Most of it has not been translated from Russian, but you will find quite a few works which capture the tradition.

* Shaginian, Marietta. Mess Mend: Yankees in Petrograd (Russian Thriller from the '20s) (Ann Arbor: Ardis, 1991). This is a sample of the earliest Soviet Pinkertovshchina – thriller fiction in a socialist setting. See also, films from the era: eg. Lev Kuleshov's The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks (1924).

Gurov, Aleksandr I. Ispoved' "vora v zakone" [Confession of a mafiya hitman] (Moscow, 1995). Fictional account of organized crime in post-Soviet Russia. See the film: Vory v zakone [The Mob] for a similar treatment.

Ispytanie: povesti i rasskazy o chekhistakh Pskovshchiny [Experience: stories and tales about Pskov Chekhists] (Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1990).

Liubimov, Mikhail. Zapiski neputevogo rezidenta, ili, Will-o'-the-Wisp: memuar-roman s vosem'iu kommandirovkami [Notes of an aimless rezident, or, Will-o-the-Wisp: a memoir-novel with eight adventures] (Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia, literatura, 1995).

Mal'tseva, Valentina. KGB v smokinge [KGB in the smoke-house.] Two volumes. (Moscow: Terra, 1995-1996). The runaway Russian bestseller written by a woman depicting a female KGB agent in London.

Mikhailov, Viktor. Bumerang ne vozvrashchaetsia [The boomerang does not return] (Moscow: Assotsiatsiia "ASPOL", 1994). Subtitle: Povest' o chekiste [A novel about a Chekhist]

Radi bezopasnosti strany: sbornik khudozhestvennykh proizvedenii o deiatel'nosti sovremennykh chekhistov [For State Security: Collected Literary Works About the Activities of Contemporary Chekhists] (Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1985).

* Semenov, Iulian S. Petrovka 38 (New York: Stein and Day, 1965). Originally published in the Soviet Union in Russian in 1964. [Portrays heroic Soviet policemen battling crime in Moscow in the 1950s]

* Topol, Edward and Fridrikh Neznansky, Red Square (New York: Quartet Books, 1983). A very accurate thriller depicting Soviet police methods, written by two Russian emigres.

Soviet Spy/Police Memoirs & Biographies

Read Wesley K. Wark, "Struggle in the Spy House: Memoirs of US Intelligence," [in George Egerton, ed., Political Memoir: Essays on the Politics of Memory (London: Frank Cass, 1994), pp. 302-329] to get a sense of the significance (and limitations) of espionage memoir literature. Asterisk (*) denotes books owned by Professor Burds.

Agabekov, Georges. OGPU: The Russian Secret Terror (1975) [originally published in 1931 -- Cheka in the 1920s] [LC# DK266.A2592] [* Also available in Russian as Sekretnyi terror: Zapiski razvedchika (Moscow: Sovremennik, 1997).]

* Akhmedov, Ismail G. In and Out of Stalin’s GRU: A Tatar's Escape from Red Army Intelligence (Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, 1984). [LC# UB271.R92A344 1984]

Bakhlanov, Captain Boris. [pseud. A. I. Romanov] The Nights are Longest There: A Memoir of the Soviet Security Services (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1972) [LC# HV8224.R613 1972]

Blake, George. "Durogo puti net," [There is no other way] Mirovaia Ekonomika i Mezhdunarodnoye Otnosheniia [USSR] 1991 (2): 91-100; (3) 100-114; (4) 132-141; (5) 108-117; (6) 120-131.

Deriabin, Piotr. The Secret World (New York: Doubleday, 1959).

* Deriabin, P. and T. H. Bagley, The KGB: Masters of the Soviet Union (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1990). {LC# JN6529.I6D47 1990]

Deriabin, Peter S. and Joseph C. Evans, Inside Stalin's Kremlin: An Eyewitness Account of Brutality, Duplicity, Intrigue and Murder of Joseph Stalin (Brassey's Inc., 1998).

* Dmitriev, Petr. "Soldat Berii". Vospominaniia lagernogo okhranika ['Beria's Soldier': Memoirs of a Camp Guard] (Leningrad: Chas Pik, 1991).

* Drozdov, Iurii. Zapiski nachal’nika nelegal’noi razvedki [Notes of the Chief of Illegal Intelligence [Operations]] (Moscow: Olma Press, 2000).

* Dzhirkvelov, Ilya. Secret Servant: My Life with the KGB and the Soviet Elite (New York: Harper & Row, 1987). [LC# HV8224.D955 1987]

Earley, Pete. Confessions of a Spy: the Real Story of Aldrich Ames (New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1997).

Fedorova, Galina. Budni razvedki: vospominaniia nelegalov [Our Lives in Intelligence: Memoirs of Illegals] (Moscow: "DEM," 1994).

* Feklisov, Alexander with Sergei Kostin. The Man Behind the Rosenbergs (New York: Enigma Books, 2001).

Frolik, Josef. The Frolik Defection (London: Cooper, 1975). [LC# UB271.C95F92]

Golitsyn, Anatolii. New Lies for Old: the Communist strategy of deception and disinformation (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1984). [LC# HX518.S8G63 1983]

Gordievsky, Oleg. Next Stop Execution (London: Macmillan, 1995).

Gouzenko, Igor. The Iron Curtain (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1948). [LC# DK268 .G7 A3]

* Gouzenko, Svetlana. Before Igor: Memories of My Soviet Youth (London: Cassell, 1961) [LC# DK32.G65 1961]

Gouzenko, Svetlana. This Was My Choice

Granovsky, Anatolii M. I Was an NKVD Agent (New York, Devin-Adair Co., 1962). [LC# HV8224.G759]

* Grig, Evgenii, DA, Ia tam rabotal: zapiski offitsera KGB [Yes, I worked there: notes of an officer of the KGB ] (Moscow: "Geia", 1997).

Hunter, Robert W. Spy Hunter: Inside the FBI Investigation of the Walker Espionage Case

Ivanov, Evgenii. The Naked Spy (London: Blake, 1992).

* Kalugin, Oleg. (Former Chief of KGB CounterIntelligence and Major-General). The First Directorate: My 32 Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West (New York: St. Martin’s, 1994). [LC# DK275.K34A3 1994] Russian edition was: Proshchai, Lubianka! [Giidbye Lubianka] (Moscow: Olimo, 1995).

Kaznacheev, Aleksandr Iur’evich. Inside a Soviet Embassy (Philadelphia, Lippincott [1962]) [LC# DS485.B892K2 1962].

* Khoklov, Nikolai Evgenevich. In the Name of Conscience (New York: D. McKay Co., 1959). [LC# HV8225.K458]

* Korol’, Mikhail Davydovich. Odisseia razvedchika (Pol’sha-SshA-Kitai-GULAG) [The Odyssey of an Intelligence Agent: Poland-USA-China-GULAG] (Moscow, 1999).

* Krivitsky, Walter G. In Stalin’s Secret Service (New York: Harper & Bros., 1939; Westport, CT: Hyperion, 1979). [LC# DK268.K75A3; DK268.K75A3b 1979] [In Russian: "Ia byl agentom Stalina." Zapiski sovetskogo razvedchika (Moscow: Terra, 1991).

*Krivitsky, W. G. Stalin’s Secret Service: Memoirs of the First Soviet Master Spy to Defect (Enigma Books, 2000).

Krotkov, Yuri. I Am From Moscow (New York: Dutton, 1967). [LC# DK276.K932]

* Kuzichkin, Vladimir. Inside the KGB: Myth and Reality (New York: Pantheon Books, 1990). [LC# DK275.K89A313 1990]

* Leonhard, Wolfgang. Child of the Revolution (Chicago: H. Regnery Co., 1958). [LC# DD261.7.L5A32]

Leonov, Nikolai S. Likholet’e [Evil Years] (Moscow: Mezhdunar. otnosh., 1994).

* Levchenko, Stanislav. On the Wrong Side: My Life in the KGB (Washington : Pergamon-Brassey's International Defense Publishers, 1988) [LC# UB271.R92L422 1988]

Liubimov, Mikhail. Shpiony, kotorykh ia liubliu i nenavizhu [Spies whom I love and hate] (Moscow: OLIMP, 1998).

Lomov, M. Nesanktsionorovannye mysly voennogo kontrrazvedchika [Unsanctioned thoughts of a military counterintelligence officer] (Moscow: "Pilgrim," 1995).

* Lonsdale, Gordon Arnold. Spy: Twenty Years in Soviet Secret Service (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1965). [LC# UB271.R92L6 1965] [Pseudonym for @@]

Lunev, Stanislav. Through the Eyes of the Enemy: Russia’s Highest Ranking Military Defector Reveals Why Russia Is More Dangerous Than Ever (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 1998).

* Massing, Hede. This Deception (New York, Duell, Sloan and Pearce [1951]) [LC# HV7911.M3A3]

* Modin, Yuri. My Five Cambridge Friends: Burgess, Maclean, Philby, Blunt and Cairncross / by their KGB Controller (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994). [LC# UB271.S652M63 1994]

Monat, Pawel with John Dille. Spy in the U.S. (New York: Harper & Rowe, 1962). [LC# E743.5.M736]

Morros, Boris. My Ten Years As A Counterspy (New York: Dell, 1959).

*Murray, Nora. I Spied for Stalin (New York: Wilfred Funk & Co., 1951).

* Myagkov, Aleksei. Inside the KGB (New York: Arlington House, 1976) [LC# HV8225.M9]

Nechiporenko, Oleg M. Passport to Assassination: The Never-Before-Told Story of Lee Harvey Oswald by the KGB Colonel Who Knew Him (Birch Lane Press, 1993).

* Orlov, Alexandr A. A Handbook of Intelligence and Guerrilla Warfare (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1963). [LC# UB271.R9O71]

* Ostrovksy, Victor. By Way of Deception (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990). [LC# UB251 I8 O86 199]

* Pacepa, Ion Mihai. Red Horizons (Washington, D.C. : Regnery Gateway ; c1987 (1990 printing) [LC# UB271.R62P34 1990]

* Pavlov, Vitalii. Operatsiia "SNEG": Polveka vo vneshnei razvedki KGB [Operation "SNOW": a half century in the KGB's foreign intelligence] (Moscow: TOO "Geia", 1996). Vitalii Pavlov served in the Russian intelligence service (KGB) from 1938 to 1988. In the 1940’s, he was in charge of one of the most famous operations called "Snow," that prevented the opening of a “second front" in the Far East during WW2 and created great tension between America and Japan. Pavlov's memoir covers the main actions in Russian foreign relations during these fifty years. Includes commentaries.

* Penkovskii, Oleg Vladimirovich. The Penkovsky Papers (New York: Doubleday, 1965). (Reprinted with a new Introduction by Nigel West. Brighton, Sussex : Wheatsheaf Books, 1988). [LC# DK266.3.P37]

Petrov, Vladimir Mikhailovich and Evdokia Petrov. Empire of Fear (New York: Praeger, 1956). [LC# UB271.R92P4 A3]

* Philby, Kim. My Silent War: The Soviet Master Spy’s Own Story (New York: Grove Press, 1968). [LC# UB271.R92P54]

* Poretsky, Elizabeth K. Our Own People: A Memoir of ‘Ignace Reiss’ and His Friends (London: Oxford University Press, 1969) [LC# DK268.P66 P65 1969]. [In Russian: Tainyi agent Dzerzhinskogo (Moscow: Sovremennik, 1996).]

Rado, Sh. Pod pseudnimom Dora. Vospominaniia sovetskogo razvedchika [Under the pseudonym Dora: Memoirs of a Soviet spy] (Moscow: Voenizdat, 1973).

Sakharov, Vladimir N. High Treason (New York: Putnam, 1981). [LC# HV8225.S24 1980]

* Sharanov, Eduard. Dve zhizni [Doublelife] (Moscow: OLMA Press, 1998).

Shreider, M. In Russian: NKVD iznutri. Zapiski chekista [The NKVD from within: Notes of a Chekist] (Moscow: Vozvrashchenie, 1995).

* Shvets, Yuri B. Washington Station: My Life as a KGB Spy in America (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994).

* Shevchenko, Arkady N. Breaking with Moscow (New York: Knopf, 1985). [LC# UB271.U52S43717]

* Sheymov, Victor. Tower of Secrets: A Real Life Spy Thriller (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1993). [LC# HV8225.S59 1993]

Shainberg, Maurice. Breaking from the KGB (1986).

Sigl, Rupert. In the Claws of the KGB: Memoirs of a Double Agent (1978).

Sinitsyn, E. Rezident svidetel'stvuet [The "Rezident" witnesses.] (Moscow; Geia "Rassekrechenye Zhizni," 1996). The author (1909-1995) was one of the most successful Soviet spies of World War II. He tells the reason for the USSR-Finland military conflict in 1939-40, what the Russian intelligence service did in Sweden during WW2, why Finland broke its alliance with Germany and later became a “peoples’ democracy," and more secrets of Stalin's diplomacy in Northern Europe.

* Starinov, Colonel I. G. Over the Abyss: My Life in Soviet Special Operations [1917-1945] (New York: Ivy Books, 1995). [In Russian: Zapiski diversanta. Almanakh "Vympel" (Moscow, 1997).]

* Straight, Michael Whitney. After Long Silence (New York : W.W. Norton, 1983). [LC# CT275.S8779A32 1983]

* Sudoplatov, Pavel and Anatolii Sudoplatov. Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1994-1995). [LC# JN6529.I6 S83 1995] Also available in a Russian edition, 1997.

* Sudoplatov, Pavel. Spetsoperatsii: Lubianka i Kreml’, 1930-1950 gody[Special Operations: Lubianka and the Kremlin, 1930s-1950s] (Moscow: "Olma Press," 1998).

* Suvorov, Viktor. Inside the Aquarium: The Making of a Top Soviet Spy (New York: Macmillan, 1986). [LC# UB271.R92S885 1986]

* Suvorov, Viktor. Inside Soviet Military Intelligence (New York: Macmillan, 1984). [LC# UB251.S65S88 1984]

* Suvorov, Viktor. Spetsnaz: The Inside Story of the Soviet Special Forces (New York: W.W. Norton & CO., 1988).

Tokaev, Grigorii Aleksandrovich. Comrade X (London: Harvill Press, 1956). [LC# DK268.T6A252]

Tokaev, Grigorii Aleksandrovich. Betrayal of an Ideal.

Trepper, Leopold. The Great Game: Memoirs of the Spy Hitler Couldn't Silence (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977). [Memoirs of the Soviet GRU Officer who ran the Red Orchestra in World War II.]

* Tumanov, Oleg. Confessions of a KGB Agent (1993).

Ushakov, Alexander A. In the Gunsight of the KGB (Knopf, 1989).

Vassall, John. The Autobiography of a Spy (London, 1975).

Voskresenskaia, Zoia. Pod psevdonimom Irina [Under the pseudonym: Irina] (Moscow: Sovremennik, 1997).

* Voskresenskaia, Zoia. Taina Zoi Voskresenskoi (Osobye missii. Diplomatiia i razvedka) [The Secret (Life) of Zoia Voskresenskaia: Principal Missions, Diplomacy and Intelligence] (Moscow: OLMA Press, 1998).

* Voskresenskaia, Zoia. Teper' ia mogu skazat' pravdu (iz vospominanii razvedchitsy)[Now I can speak the truth (from the memoirs of a woman secret agent)] (Moscow: Olma Press, 1998).

Werner, Ruth. Sonya’s Report (London : Chatto & Windus, 1991). [LC# PT2647.E7915 Z4713 1991]

* Wolf, Markus, with Anne McElvoy, Man Without a Face: The Autobiography of Communism’s Greatest Spymaster (New York: Random House, 1997).