INSIDE THE SOVIET SECRET POLICE
A History of Soviet Security & Soviet Espionage,
1917-present
CHSTU387
"The
Chekist has two paths--promotion, or prison."
--Joseph
Stalin, 1951
Instructor
Professor Jeffrey Burds
Office: 269 Holmes Hall
Telephone: (617) 373-2079
j.burds@neu.edu
Course Description
. . . violence does not consist so
much in injuring and annihilating persons as
in interrupting their continuity, making them play roles in which they no
longer
recognize themselves, making them betray not only commitments but their
own substance."
Emmanuel Levinas,
Totality and Infinity
No theme has more powerfully captured the Cold War imagination than the virtual obsession with Soviet spies. Repressing their own citizens at home, the Bolsheviks craved world domination. They sent spies abroad to sabotage our progress, to infiltrate our governments, to penetrate into the hearts and souls of freedom-loving peoples everywhere. Or so the story went.
The collapse of the former
All papers in the course should conform to the History Style Guide, and all written work should be checked closely for spelling and grammatical errors. Sloppy work will receive at least one full grade reduction. Pass/Fail is not an option in this course.
Course Requirements
10 percent of the final grade: Each student is expected to complete all of the assigned readings (averaging about 100 pages weekly) and to attend lectures and discussions regularly. Regular attendance is required. I will deduct 2 points in the class for each unexcused absence. Any student with five or more unexcused absences will not pass this course. Students with perfect attendance records for the semester will be awarded five bonus points.
45 percent of the final grade: Students will be required to take two written in-class exams. The first is set for Thursday, 11 October. The second is set for Monday, 3 December. The two examinations together will account for 45 percent of the final grade for the course.
45 percent of the final grade: Two 5-7 page papers, double-spaced, on questions to be distributed in class. All papers must conform to the History Style Guide. Midterm papers are due on Monday, 22 October. All final papers are due by Wednesday, 5 December, at 3 pm in the box near 249 Meserve Hall.
Students with a B+ or above on the midterm exam and paper may elect to choose an alternative final: to write a 10-12 page final paper on a theme to be agreed on with Prof. Burds, and take an oral final exam instead of the standard bluebook and take-home paper.
For bibliographies and extra-credit projects, see the Resource Page.
Books
The following titles (marked with an asterisk) have been ordered at the University Book Store:
Sheila Fitzpatrick & Robert Gellately, eds. Accusatory Practices: Denunciation in Modern European History, 1789-1989 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997).
David Holloway, Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939-1956 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994).
Catriona Kelly, Comrade Pavlik: The Rise & Fall of a Soviet Boy Hero (London: Granta Books., 2005).
David C. Martin, Wilderness of Mirrors: Intrigue, Deception and the Secrets that Destroyed Two of the Cold War’s Most Important Agents (Lyon’s Press, 2003).
Jerrold L. Schechter and Peter S. Deriabin, The Spy Who Saved the World: How a Soviet Colonel Changed the Course of the Cold War (Washington: Brassey's, 1992). [out of print; a scan appears below]
Robert W. Stephan, Stalin's Secret War: Soviet Counterintelligence Against the Nazis, 1941-1945 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003).
Most readings in this course are available for download from this WEB page. Such readings are password-protected, and most require a free download to view: Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Week 1 Introduction: Inside A 'Wilderness of Mirrors'
Thursday, 6
September. Introduction to the History of Soviet Espionage. Themes.
Discussion: Espionage
and History
HANDOUT:
Lyrics of "The Chekists’ Song" (1937) [Listen
to MP3]
HANDOUT:
"Secret Voices from the Past: Germany Opens Up Files of the Stasi," Newsweek
January 20, 1992, p. 35.
HANDOUT: The
Soviet/Russian Security Police, 1917-1996
Week 2 Against Foreign Interventionists in an Era of
Capitalist Encirclement
Monday, 10 September. Antecedents.
From the Third Department to the Tsarist Okhrana
Powerpoint: Antecedents
Readings
Andrew & Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 1-64.
Other Resources
See the CIA's study of the Russian Okhrana's pre-revolutionary operations in Ben B.
Fischer's OKHRANA:
The Paris Operations of the Russian Imperial Police (1997). Also
included are several long articles by "Rita T. Kronenbitter"
on the Paris
Okhrana, 1885-1905. Especially interesting is her study of the Okhrana's female agents. Check out all CIA
publications at http://www.odci.gov/csi/pubs.html
Jonathan W. Daly,
Autocracy Under Siege: Security Police and Opposition in Russia, 1866-1905
(DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1998).
Forthcoming in November 1998.
Jonathan W. Daly, The
Watchful State: Security Police and Opposition in Russia, 1906-1917 (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2004).
Frederic S.
Zuckerman, The Tsarist Secret Police in Russian Society, 1880-1917 (New
York: NYU Press, 1996).
Thursday,
13 September. The Origins of
the Soviet Secret Police. Red Terror and
the Cheka
Powerpoint: Regicide in the
Russian Revolution
CASEBOOK 1: Introduction to Soviet International Operations,
1917-
1922
HANDOUT 1-2b:
Regicide in the Russian Revolution: The Murder of the Romanov Family
[16 July 1918] [Discussion]
HANDOUT
Lenin's War against the Russian Orthodox Church [Discussion]
Readings
John W. Long, “The Lockhart
Plot in Russia, 1918,” Europe-Asia
Studies Volume 47, Number 7 (November 1995): 1225-1235; and Andrew Cook, Ace of Spies: The True Story of Sidney
Reilly (Glousteshire: Tempus Books, 2002), pp.
168-170.
Andrew & Gordievsky, KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 65-106.
Recommended
George Leggett, The Cheka:
Lenin's Political Police: the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for
Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage, December 1917 to February 1922
(New York: Oxford, 1981).
Viktor Bortnevskii, White Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence
during the Russian Civil War No. 1108 in The Carl Beck Papers in Russian
and East European Studies (University of Pittsburgh, 1995).
Feliks Dzerzxhinskii, Founder of the Cheka
David S. Fogelsong, America's
Secret War against Bolshevism: U.S. Intervention in the Russian Civil War,
1917-1920 (Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1995).
A. J. Plotke, Imperial Spies Invade Russia: the British
Intelligence Interventions, 1918 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993).
Nigel West and Oleg
Tsarev, The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at
the Heart of the KGB Archives (London: HarperCollins, 1998).
Week 3 'The Enemies Within': Stalin and the Terror
Monday, 17 September. Soviet Espionage
in the 1920s. Soviet Industrial Espionage
FILM Clips: The
Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the
Bolsheviks (1924) [Lev Kuleshov]
CASEBOOK 2: Sidney
Reilly, Myth & Reality
Recommended
Stuart Finkel,
"An
Intensification of Vigilance: Recent Perspectives on the Institutional
History of the Soviet Security Apparatus in the 1920s," Kritika Volume 5,
Number 2 (Spring 2004): 299-320.
Peter Holquist, "'Information
is the Alpha and Omega of Our Work': Bolshevik Surveillance in Its
Pan-European Context," Journal of Modern History (September 1997):
415-450.
Vladlen Izmozik, "Voice from the
Twenties: Private Correspondence Intercepted by the OGPU," The
Russian Review 55 (1996): 287-308.
Harvey Klehr, et. al. "Clandestine Habits: The 1920s and the
Early 1930s" in The Secret World of American Communism (New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1995), pp. 20-30, 40-41.
Thursday, 20 September. A Popular Culture
of Denunciation?
FILM: I Was Stalin's Bodyguard
Readings
Catriona Kelley, Comrade Pavlik
(London: Granta Books, 2005), pp. 1-196.
Gábor Rittersporn, "The Omnipresent
Conspiracy: On Soviet Imagery of Politics and Social Relations in the
1930s," in Stalinism and Its Aftermath: Essays in Honour
of Moshe Lewin (M.E. Sharpe, 1992), pp. 101-120.
Sheila Fitzpatrick,
"Introduction," "Stalinist Denunciations of the 1930s: New
Materials from the Soviet Archives" in Sheila Fitzpatrick & Robert Gellately, eds. Accusatory Practices (University of
Chicago Press, 1997).
Read Timothy Garton Ash's critical review of ACCUSATORY PRACTICES
[London Review of Books, 19 March 1998, pp. 18-20]
Documents of the
Stalin Terror
From the
Prisoner's Perspective: From the KGB
File of Italian Communist Edmondo Peluzo:
Fragments from His Unsuccessful Petition for Release (from the KGB Archive,
Moscow).
Resumé of a Stalinist Policeman: Soviet Secret Police Personnel Report on Service to
the International Section of the Communist Party in the 1930s (October 13,
1939), former Central Archive of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,
Moscow.
CASEBOOK 3: Soviet
Secret Police & Stalin's Internal Enemies
Week 4 The Philby Conspiracy &
the Cambridge Five
Monday, 24 September. Verbovka: Soviet Recruitment Strategies
Powerpoint: The Cambridge
Five
Recommended
Aleksandr Orlov, Handbook of
Intelligence and Guerilla Warfare (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan
Press, 1963).
John Costello and
Oleg Tsarev, Deadly Illusions: The KGB Orlov Dossier Reveals Stalin's Master Spy (Crown
Publishers, 1993). Part 1 Part 2
Yuri Druzhnikov, Informer
001: The Myth of Pavlik Morozov
(New Brunswick: Transaction Pubs., 1997).
Catriona Kelly, Comrade Pavlik, The Rise and Fall of a Soviet Boy Hero (London:
Granta, 2005).
TUESDAY
EVENING FILM (9/25): Burnt by the Sun, 6:00-8:00 pm., Room 20F WV
Thursday, 27 September. Stalin's
International Security Networks
Powerpoint: The Purge of
International Cadres
Handout: Arrests for
Espionage in the Soviet Union
Handout: The Purge in
the NKVD, 1933-1939
Readings
Andrew & Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 107-232.
CASEBOOK 4a: Cambridge
Spies, Fact & Fiction
CASEBOOK 4b: Aleksandr Orlov's
Letter to Ezhov
Jeffrey Burds, “The
Soviet War against ‘Fifth Columnists:’ The Case of Chechnya, 1942-1944,”
forthcoming in the Journal of
Contemporary History, Volume 42, Number 2 (April 2007).
Recommended
Genrikh Borovik, The Philby Files: The Secret Life of Master Spy Kim Philby (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1994). Part 1 Part 2
Week 5 Operation Barbarossa
Monday, 1 October.
Soviet
Interrogation
Powerpoint: Stalinist
Interrogation Process
Handout: Stalinist
Interrogation Process
Thursday, 4 October. Soviet
Intelligence on the Eve of Operation Barbarossa
Powerpoint: 1939-1941
Handout:
Stalin’s
Espionage Networks on the Eve of World War II
Handout:
Signals
from Moscow (July 1940)
Readings
Andrew & Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 233-340.
Bernd Wegner,
"The
Tottering Giant: German Perceptions of Soviet Military and Economic
Strength in Preparation for 'Operation Blau' (1942),"
in Christopher Andrew and Jeremy Noakes, eds. Intelligence
and International Relations, 1900-1945 (Exeter Studies in History No. 15)
(University of Exeter, 1987), pp. 293-312.
Pavel Sudoplatov, Special Tasks:
The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little,
Brown, & Co., 1994-1995). Revised Edition, pp. 126-171.
For further reading
[optional]
Perry Biddiscombe, Perry
Biddiscombe, "Unternehmen Zeppelin: The Deployment of SS
Saboteurs and Spies in the Soviet Union, 1942-1945," Europe-Asia
Studies Volume 52, Number 6 (2000): 1115-1142.
Perry Biddiscombe, "The problem
with glass houses The Soviet recruitment and deployment of SS men as spies and
saboteurs," Intelligence and
National Security (London) Vol. 15, No. 3 (2000): 131-145.
Kurt DeWitt, The
Role of the Partisans in Soviet Intelligence (Alabama: Maxwell Air Force
Base, 1954).
John Erickson,
"Threat Identification and Strategic Appraisal by the Soviet Union,
1930-1941," in Ernest R. May, ed. Knowing One's Enemies: Intelligence
Assessments Before the Two World Wars (Princeton, 1984), pp. 375-421.
David M. Glantz, The Role of Intelligence in Soviet Military
Strategy in World War II (Novato, CA: Presidio, 1990).
David M. Glantz, Soviet Military Intelligence in War (London,
1990).
Leonid D. Grenkevich, Soviet Partisan Movements: A Critical Historiographical Analysis (London: Frank Cass, 1999).
David Kahn, ["MAX:
Germany's Greatest Spy in the East,"] Hitler's Spies: German
Military Intelligence in World War II (New York; Collier Books, 1978), pp.
312-317, 367-369.
Bradley F. Smith, Sharing
Secrets with Stalin: How the Allies Traded Intelligence, 1941-1945
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1996).
Colonel I. G. Starinov, Over the Abyss: My Life in Soviet Special
Operations (New York: Ivy Books [Ballantine
Books], 1995).
Bruce W. Menning, ed. At the
Threshold of War: The Soviet High Command in 1941 in Russian Studies
in History: A Journal of Translations Volume 36, Number 3 (Winter 1997-98),
pp. 2-93.
Barton Whaley, Codeword
Barbarossa (Harvard, 1973), Ch. 8: "Soviet Views," pp. 190-219.
Related
Materials
Photo & Text
of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact [23 August 1939]
Secret
Protocols of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact [23 August 1939]
Week 6 Midterm Exam
Monday, 8 October. Columbus Day. No Class.
Thursday, 11 October. Midterm Examination.
Burds Tips for
Exams and Papers
Midterm
Paper Question Midterm Paper due on Monday, 22 October.
Week 7 Operation
Barbarossa & World War II
Monday, 15 October. Soviet Espionage
in World War II
Powerpoint: World War
Two—Part One
Casebook 5. Documents
from Soviet Espionage Operations in World War II
Thursday, 18 October. Razvedka: The Role
of Intelligence in the Soviet Victory
HANDOUT: Logistics
& Partisan Warfare
Powerpoint: World War
Two—Part Two
FILM CLIPS: Soviet
Espionage, Intelligence, & Counter-Intelligence in World War II
READ: Robert W. Stephan, Stalin's Secret War: Soviet Counterintelligence against the Nazis,
1941-1945, entire.
Week 8 Soviet Security in Eastern Europe after the War
Monday, 22 October. Espionage in
Modern History
Take-home Papers due!
John Gaddis, "Intelligence,
Espionage and Cold War Origins," Diplomatic History, 13, no. 2
(Spring 1989), pp. 191-212.
CASEBOOK 6: The
Origins of the Cold War in Soviet
Handout: Soviet Struggle
against Criminal Banditry
Powerpoint: The "Great Fear"
Handout: Deportations
of "Enemy Nationalities"
Recommended [Not
Required] Reading
Andrew & Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 341-366.
Kevin
C. Ruffner, “Cold War
Allies: The Origins of the CIA’s Relationship with Ukrainian Nationalists,”
Fifty Years of the CIA (Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency,
1998): 19-43. [Declassified in 2004]
Thursday, 25 October. The Soviet Union
vs. OPERATION ROLLBACK
Powerpoint: Blowback, Ratlines,
Operation Rollback
Readings
Jeffrey Burds, "AGENTURA: Soviet
Informants' Networks & the Ukrainian Rebel Underground in Galicia,
1944-1948," East European Politics and Societies Volume 11, Number
1 (Winter 1997): 89-130.
Christopher
Simpson, Blowback:
America's Recruitment of Nazis and Its Effects on the Cold War (New
York: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1988), pp. 3-11,
138-175, 264-290.
Photo: Soviet MVD Special Tasks Unit near Stanyslaviv, Ukraine, early 1950s
Related Information
The Origins of
Containment: George Kennan's "Long Telegram" (Moscow-to-Washington)
(February 22, 1946)
"The
Sinews of Peace": Audio and Transcript of Churchill's Speech at
Fulton, Missouri,
The Novikov
Telegram: Soviet
Ambassador in Washington DC to Moscow,
Andrei Zhdanov's "Report on the
International Situation" (September 1947)
NSC-68 -- The Foundations of American Cold War Policy
Compendium of Documents & Readings on the History of the Cold War
Week 9 Cold War Culture
Monday,
29 October. Case Study of
Soviet Sister Services: The East German Stasi
Powerpoint: Soviet Sister
Services
Yuri Totrov, "Western
Intelligence Operations in Eastern Europe, 1945-1954," The Journal
of Intelligence History Volume 5,
Number 1 (Summer 2005): 71-80.
Markus Wolf,
"Spying
for Love," Man Without a Face: The Autobiography of Communism's
Greatest Spymaster (New York: Random House, 1997), pp. 123-150.
Recommended [Not
Required]
Andrew & Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story, pp. 422-476.
Marek Jan Chodakiewicz, "The
Dialectics of Pain: The Interrogation Methods of the Communist Secret
Police in
Timothy Garton Ash, The File: A Personal History (New York:
Random House, 1997).
Gary Bruce, "The Prelude
to Nationwide Surveillance in East Germany: Stasi
Operations and Threat Perceptions, 1945-1953" Journal of Cold War Studies Volume 5, Number 2 (Spring 2003): 3-31.
Robert
Gellately, "Denunciations in Twentieth-Century
TUESDAY EVENING FILM (10/30): The Spy Who Came in
from the Cold,
Thursday, 1 November. No class meeting.
[Film week]
Week 10 The Soviet Bomb and Soviet Nuclear Espionage
Monday, 5 November. The Red Scare, Venona
Powerpoint: Venona
FILM: Selections
from Atomic Café
Handout: Venona Materials
Thursday,
8 November. The Soviet Nuclear Program
& Atomic Spies
FILM: The
Powerpoint: Soviet Nuclear Program
David Holloway, Stalin and the Bomb: The
Pavel Sudoplatov, Special Tasks:
The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness -- A Soviet Spymaster (Boston: Little,
Brown, & Co., 1994-1995). Revised Edition, pp. 172-220. Review documents on
pp. 436-475.
Related Sites
National
Security Agency -- contains links to two key collections: the VENONA
archive of captured Soviets coded communications; and documents on the Cuban
Missile Crisis.
National Security Archive Documents
Week 11 Psychological Warfare
Monday, 12 November. Veterans’ Day. No class.
TUESDAY
EVENING FILM (11/13): The
Manchurian Candidate,
Thursday, 15 November. Red Defectors: Soviet Defectors
since the Second World War
Discussion: CASEBOOK 7: Soviet
Spies in
Powerpoint: Red Defectors,
Soviet Assassination
Recommended
Vladislav Krasnov, Soviet
Defectors: The KGB Wanted List (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1985).
Testimony of
Alexander Orlov, Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of
the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on
the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Seventh Congress.
The Kremlin's
Espionage and Terror Organizations; testimony of Petr.
S. Deriabin, former officer of the USSR's Committee
of State Security (KGB). Hearing
Before the Committee of Un-American Activities, House of Representatives,
Eighty-sixth Congress, First session. Released
Murder
International, Inc.: Murder and Kidnapping as an Instrument of Soviet Policy, Hearing Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the
Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of
the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Ninth Congress.
First Session.
Harry Truman, The
Truman Presidential Papers, Volume 7 The Ideological Foundations of the
Cold War -- the "Long Telegram," the Foreign Affairs X
Article, the Clifford Report, and NSC 68 (University Publications of
America, 1995-1997).
Week 12 The Cuban Missile Crisis
Monday,
19 November. Context, Course
& Aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis
FILM:
ABC News Nightline (
(327 megs—high speed only)
Powerpoint: Cuban Missile
Crisis
Jerrold L. Schechter and Peter S. Deriabin, The Spy Who Saved the World: How a Soviet Colonel Changed the Course of the Cold War, pp. 271-352.
Aleksandr Fursenko and Timothy Naftali, “Soviet Intelligence and the Cuban Missile Crisis,” Intelligence and National Security Volume 13, Number 3 (Winter 1998): 64-87.
Documents
Summary of revelations: "Soviet Surprise in '62: US Didn't Know About 100 Warheads in Cuba" Chronology, Transcript & Audio of JFK's Meetings During the Cuban Missile Crisis, 18-29 October 1962
Possibly
useful: “Soviet
Intelligence and the Cuban Missile Crisis,” in Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Sword and the
Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History
of the KGB (New York: Basic Books, 1999), pp. 180-184.
Related
Laurence Chang and Peter Kornbluh, eds. The Cuban Missile Crisis: A National Security Archives Documents Reader (New York: The New Press, 1992).
Aleksandr Fursenko and Timothy Naftali, One Hell of a Gamble: Khrushchev, Kennedy and Castro, 1958-1964 (New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1998).
Oleg Penkovsky, The Penkovskiy Papers (New York: Doubleday, 1965).
Check out the National Security Agency's Cuban Missile Crisis Documents
Russian Documents on the Cuban Missile Crisis [English translation from the Cold War International History Project]
Compendium of Documents & Readings on the U.S. Response in the Cuban Missile Crisis
Thursday, 22 November. Thanksgiving Break. No class.
Week 12 The
Golitsyn-Nosenko Controversy
Monday,
26 November. Oswald in
Russia, Nosenko Affair
Powerpoint: Nosenko Affair
David
C. Martin, Wilderness of Mirrors:
Intrigue, Deception and the Secrets that Destroyed Two of the Cold War’s Most
Important Agents (
Optional
Listen
to an interview with Tenant Bagley regarding Nosenko as a “False defector” (30 minutes)
Listen
to podcast of FBI (DavidMajor),
KGB (Oleg Kalunin), and CIA (Jack Platt)
attacks against the “false
defector” thesis (17 minutes)
Listen
to Nosenko’s
1998 talk to the CIA (more than an hour)
More about Nosenko [from his CIA/FBI/KGB supporters]
Recommended
"The Great Molehunt," in Jeffrey T. Richelson, A Century of Spies: Intelligence in the Twentieth Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), pp. 286-292.
Cleveland Cram, "Spy Stories: Of Moles and Mole Hunters," in Studies in Intelligence (The CIA's in-House Journal), 1995, Vol. 36 No. 4.
Gordon Brook-Shephard, The Storm Birds. Soviet Post-War Defectors (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988).
Selections from
Norman Mailer, Oswald's Tale:
An American Mystery (New York, Ballantine Books,
1995), pp. 69-79, 221-233.
Tennent H. Bagley, Spy
Wars: Moles, Mysteries, and Deadly Games (
TUESDAY EVENING FILM (11/27): Yuri Nosenko,
KGB,
Thursday,
29 November. Warriors of
Disinformation; the Main Enemy, Technology
Espionage,
New Perspective on Old Problems: Evaluating CIA. Assessments of Soviet
Threats
Powerpoint: The End of the
KGB
HANDOUT: Aleksandr Kabakov,
"Landscapes on Walls, "
FILM: Segment from
CBS's 60 Minutes
HANDOUT: Resurgent Russia
"Brilliant Pebbles, Ethnic Guns, and Baby Parts," in Alvin A. Snyder, Warriors of Disinformation: American Propaganda, Soviet Lies, and the Winning of the Cold War (An Insider's Account) (New York: Arcade Publishing, 1995), pp. 92-125.
CASEBOOK 8: The
Farewell Dossier
Recommended
Christopher Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky, Comrade Kryuchkov's Instructions: Top Secret Files on KGB Foreign Operations, 1975-1985 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993).
Milt
Bearden and James Risen, The Main Enemy:
The Inside Story of the CIA’s Final Showdown with the KGB (
Stephen Koch, Double Lives: Spies and Writers in the Secret Soviet War of Ideas Against the West (New York: The Free Press, 1994).
Alexander
Kouzminov, Biological
Espionage: Special Operations of the Soviet and Russian Foreign Intelligence
Services in the West (
Thomas
C. Reed, At the Abyss: An Insider's History of the Cold War (
Optional
CASEBOOK 9: Misinformation, Disinformation, or Incompetence? Evaluating C.I.A. Assessments of the Soviet Economy
Related Sites
CIA Assessments of the Soviet Union: The Record Versus the Charges
Week 14 End of term
Monday, 3 December. Second Exam
Second
Papers due by
Final paper
question
Removing
the Dzerzhinskii statue from in front
of
There
is no final exam in this class.